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Source: nct - Phase: complete
nct MAJ Il y a 4 ans

Brain Regulation of Emotions in People With Depression and Anhedonia This study will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine how the brain regulates emotions in healthy people and in patients who have major depression and anhedonia (loss of feeling of pleasure in things that normally give pleasure). Healthy normal volunteers and patients between 18 and 50 years of age with major depression, with or without significant anhedonia, are eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a psychiatric interview, a physical examination that will include blood and urine samples, and an electrocardiogram, and a questionnaire about their emotions. Participants will perform a monetary reward task while lying in an MRI scanner. The task is similar to playing a computer video game with the possibility of winning cash. The amount of cash is largely dependent on the subject's performance. The accumulated amount of cash earned in a session will fluctuate depending on the subject's continuing performance level. That is, during a single session, a subject could lose money earned early in the session if his or her performance later in the session is not as good as earlier. MRI pictures will be taken during performance of the task. MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce images of body tissues and organs. The patient lies on a table that is moved into the scanner (a narrow cylinder) and wears earplugs to muffle loud knocking and thumping sounds that occur during the scanning process. The procedure will last about 1 to 1-1/2 hours.

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nct MAJ Il y a 4 ans

Vitamin Deficiency and Blood Pressure in Hospitalized Jewish General Hospital (JGH) Patients There is suggestive evidence that vitamin C and vitamin D deficiency may increase blood pressure across the range of blood pressures from normal to elevated. Information about this relationship is inadequate in part because of the rarity of individuals with subclinical vitamin C and D deficiency. The investigators have observed subnormal to deficient plasma vitamin C and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in a large proportion of patients under active treatment in the investigators' hospital. The clinical implications of widespread hypovitaminosis C and D are unknown. In this randomized prospective comparison trial the investigators will measure vitamin levels and blood pressure in clinically stable acutely hospitalized patients with a wide range of diagnoses, and expected to remain in the hospital for at least 7 more days. The investigators will examine for an inverse relationship between baseline vitamin level and blood pressure across the range of blood pressures. Consenting patients will be randomized to receive vitamin C (500 mg twice daily) or vitamin D (1000 IU twice daily) for as long as 10 days. Blood pressure will be re-measured every 2 days and vitamin levels re-measured on the last study day. Treatment courses of at least 5 days will be considered sufficient for analysis. The hypothesis is that either treatment will reduce blood pressure in patients whose baseline systolic blood pressure is 110 or more; the investigators will also examine whether the reduction in blood pressure with treatment is proportional to the increase in the circulating vitamin level with treatment.

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nct MAJ Il y a 4 ans

Study to Assess the Absorption and Tolerability of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine and to Assess the Effects of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride and Fluticasone Propionate on the Absorption and Tolerability of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine in Participants With Allergic Rhinitis This was an open label, three way study in participants with symptomatic allergic rhinitis. The following 3 treatments were administered to each subject during dosing periods 1, 2 and 3, respectively: - Treatment A: Single intranasal dose of 30 mg ketorolac tromethamine (one 15 mg spray into each nostril) on Day 1 of Period 1. - Treatment B: Single intranasal dose of oxymetazoline hydrochloride followed by a single intranasal dose of 30 mg ketorolac tromethamine (one 15 mg spray into each nostril) 30 minutes later on Day 1 of Period 2. - Treatment C: Seven days of treatment with intranasal fluticasone propionate (between Periods 2 and 3) followed by a single intranasal dose of 30 mg ketorolac tromethamine (one 15 mg spray into each nostril) on Day 1 of Period 3. Subjects remained resident in the Clinical Unit from Day 1 until the morning of Day 2 in each period and there was a washout period of 2 to 7 days between periods. A post study medical was performed within 7 days of Period 3. The objectives of this study were: - To assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) of intranasal ketorolac in participants with symptomatic allergic rhinitis. - To assess the effects of a single dose of intranasal oxymetazoline hydrochloride on the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of intranasal ketorolac in participants with symptomatic allergic rhinitis. - To assess the effects of chronic administration of fluticasone propionate on the bioavailability and tolerability of intranasal ketorolac in participants with symptomatic allergic rhinitis.

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Sharon A. Brown MAJ Il y a 4 ans

Education and Group Support for Diabetic Hispanics The purpose of this ongoing work in Starr County, located on the Texas-Mexico border, is to conduct clinical studies to determine the effectiveness of diabetes self-management programs designed specifically for Mexican Americans. The programs meet national standards for diabetes self-management education. They are provided in community settings with the primary purpose of improving the health of Mexican Americans with diabetes and their family members, who either have diabetes or are at risk for developing diabetes. The diabetes self-management programs are provided in Spanish and are directed by bilingual Hispanic clinical nurse specialists, dietitians, and community health workers. Key elements of the programs include instruction on nutrition, self-monitoring of blood glucose, exercise, and other diabetes self-management topics, as well as group support to promote behavioral changes. In the original study (1994-1998), 256 Mexican American adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and 256 family members or other support persons were enrolled. For one year, the people with diabetes, along with their family members, attended small group sessions held in churches, community health clinics, adult day care centers, and schools. Information on the effectiveness of the program was collected at 3, 6, and 12 months; and annually thereafter. Findings of the original study suggested that the program had a positive impact on diabetes metabolic control. Levels of diabetes knowledge and rates of glucose self-monitoring and attendance suggested that a shorter program - one that incorporated critical elements of the previous successful strategy - might result in similar improvements. Thus, the goal of the new study, funded in June 1999, was to shorten the original program and to compare it to the previous successful program in terms of short- and long-term health outcomes. To identify key components of the previous program, we are exploring differences between subjects who successfully integrated self-care components of the program and who experienced significant improvements in metabolic control and those who were not as successful. The program is being revised and shortened, based on this information. Beginning in April 2000, we will start recruiting participants for the clinical trial of the revised program.

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